Executive Summary / Key Takeaways

• Institutional Gateway to Digital Assets: Amber International Holding Limited (AMBR), operating as Amber Premium, is strategically positioned as a leading institutional crypto financial services provider, capitalizing on the surging institutional adoption of digital assets and the convergence of AI and crypto.
• Robust Financial Turnaround & Growth: Following a transformative merger and NASDAQ listing, AMBR delivered record Q1 2025 total revenue of $14.9 million and Q2 2025 total revenue of $21.0 million, driven by significant growth in its high-margin wealth management solutions, which saw revenue increase to $9.9 million in Q1 2025 and $11.5 million in Q2 2025.
• Technological Differentiation & Innovation: The company leverages proprietary blockchain and AI-driven technologies, including its groundbreaking AgentFi initiative with AI ambassador MIA, and the uMINT real-world asset tokenization product, to offer sophisticated, compliant, and efficient solutions.
• Strategic Capital & Ecosystem Expansion: AMBR has established a $100 million Crypto Ecosystem Reserve and secured a $25.5 million private placement to fuel strategic investments in high-conviction digital assets and expand its global footprint, particularly in regulated Asian and Middle Eastern markets.
• Strong Growth Outlook: Management anticipates Amber DWM's business revenue to reach $15.5 million to $17.5 million in Q2 2025 and $65 million to $75 million for the full year 2025, driven by product innovation and continued institutional engagement, while proactively managing market volatility and regulatory complexities.

The Dawn of Institutional Crypto: Amber Premium's Vision

Amber International Holding Limited (AMBR), operating under the brand name Amber Premium, stands at the forefront of a rapidly evolving financial landscape, serving as a critical institutional gateway to crypto finance. The company's mission is to bridge traditional finance (TradFi) and decentralized finance (DeFi) by providing sophisticated solutions for financial institutions, asset managers, corporate treasuries, and high-net-worth individuals. This strategic focus aligns with the monumental growth in the digital asset market, which surged from approximately $800 billion at the end of 2022 to nearly $4 trillion by the end of 2024. This expansion is fueled by increasing institutional adoption, the rapid development of DeFi ecosystems, and breakthroughs in blockchain technologies.

Amber Premium's journey to this pivotal position includes a significant transformation. Established in 2021 as Amber Group's crypto project banking business, it formally commenced operations as an independent unit in the second half of 2023. A defining moment occurred on March 12, 2025, with the successful merger of Amber DWM Holdings Limited and iClick Interactive Asia Group Limited (ICLK), leading to Amber International's NASDAQ listing under the ticker AMBR. This listing not only validated the company's vision to be a top-tier institutional digital asset services provider but also bolstered confidence in its governance and stability, leveraging iClick's mature reporting infrastructure and SEC compliance platform.

Technological Pillars: Bridging CeFi and DeFi with AI

Amber Premium's competitive edge is deeply rooted in its proprietary technological infrastructure, which underpins its ability to offer institutional-grade solutions. The company has built a regulated, scalable financial ecosystem powered by proprietary blockchain and financial technologies, AI-driven risk management, and quantitative algorithms that span centralized finance, decentralized finance, and OTC markets. This robust foundation enables Amber Premium to tackle critical industry challenges such as fragmented liquidity, diverse crypto yield sources, and regulatory complexity.

A cornerstone of Amber Premium's client engagement is its distinctive "1 plus N premium service model," which delivers tailored, integrated wealth management solutions. Each client benefits from a dedicated relationship manager supported by a team of specialists, ensuring a seamless and highly personalized experience.

The company is also pioneering the convergence of AI and crypto through its groundbreaking AgentFi initiative. AgentFi represents a visionary integration of autonomous artificial intelligence with decentralized finance, aiming to foster transparent economies driven and governed by AI agents. Amber Premium made headlines by appointing MIA, an AI agent developed on ai.ac (an AgentFi platform incubated within Amber Group), as its official AgentFi Ambassador, making it one of the first listed companies with an AI representative. MIA's role extends to spearheading Amber Premium's commitment to creating advanced financial ecosystems that bridge traditional wealth management with cutting-edge crypto solutions, leveraging tools such as Agent Initial Coin Offerings (AICOs). This technological leadership is expected to enhance transparency in institutional-grade crypto investment infrastructures and forge powerful new marketplaces through purposeful automation.

Further demonstrating its product innovation, Amber Premium launched uMINT in Q2 2025, a debut real-world asset (RWA) tokenization product developed in collaboration with UBS Asset Management (UBS) and DigiFT. uMINT is a tokenized money market fund backed by UBS Asset Management, offering clients a secure, compliant, and transparent way to earn real yield on stablecoins. What makes uMINT particularly transformative is its seamless integration with the Amber Premium crypto card, enabling clients to earn yield while instantly spending their funds globally – a feature uniquely enabled by blockchain technology. This innovation is more than just applying blockchain efficiency to traditional finance; it is about unlocking assets for high-net-worth individuals and institutions, providing a trusted entry point into digital finance within a fully regulated framework. For investors, these technological differentiators translate into a stronger competitive moat, enabling Amber Premium to offer unique, high-value services that drive client acquisition, enhance profitability through new revenue streams (e.g., interest income share and transaction fees from uMINT), and solidify its market positioning as an innovator in institutional crypto finance.

A Robust Business Model: Performance Across Key Segments

Amber Premium's business model is structured around three core segments, each demonstrating significant growth and strategic importance.

Wealth Management Solutions emerged as a primary growth driver, reflecting the increasing institutional demand for sophisticated digital asset strategies. Revenue from this segment surged to $9.9 million in Q1 2025, a substantial increase from $0.6 million in Q1 2024. This momentum continued into Q2 2025, with wealth management solutions revenue reaching $11.5 million. These solutions encompass structured investment products, yield and DeFi offerings, strategic funds, and collateralized lending. The successful launch of uMINT is expected to further accelerate growth in this segment by attracting high-net-worth individuals and institutions seeking compliant, yield-bearing digital asset exposure.

The Execution Solutions segment provides institutional market access across over 100 trading venues, handling over $1 billion in client transaction volumes monthly. This segment generated $2.7 million in revenue in Q1 2025, up significantly from $29,000 in Q1 2024. While execution trading volumes can correlate with overall crypto market performance and price movements, management noted healthier spreads on trading volume, indicating a focus on quality and selective flow as a newly public company.

Payment Solutions facilitate secure crypto-to-fiat and fiat-to-crypto conversions, alongside the Amber Premium crypto card for instant global payments. Revenue in this segment doubled to $0.8 million in Q1 2025 from $0.4 million in Q1 2024. The integration of the Amber Premium crypto card with products like uMINT is expected to drive additional transaction volume and client engagement.

The Marketing and Enterprise Solutions segment, inherited from the iClick merger, contributed $1.6 million in revenue in Q1 2025, consolidated from March 12, 2025. While historically focused on advertising and SaaS+X services, this segment's revenue was recorded at a breakeven result in Q1 2025, with the company's strategic focus clearly shifted towards its core crypto financial services.

Financial Momentum and Strategic Capital Deployment

Amber International's financial performance in early 2025 reflects a strong operational turnaround and strategic execution. The company reported record results in Q1 2025, with total revenue reaching $14.9 million, and continued this momentum into Q2 2025 with total revenue of $21.0 million. This marks a significant improvement from the legacy business's total revenue of $32.8 million for the full year 2024, which was impacted by macroeconomic uncertainties and restructuring.

Profitability metrics also showed substantial improvement. Gross profit nearly doubled to $11 million in Q1 2025 compared to $500,000 in Q1 2024, with gross profit margins increasing to approximately 74% from 46%. In Q2 2025, gross profit surged to $15.0 million, maintaining a strong gross profit margin of 71.3%. Operating income turned positive in Q1 2025 at $800,000, a stark contrast to an operating loss of $900,000 in Q1 2024, attributed to strategic investments and the expansion of higher-margin services. Net income reached $900,000 in Q1 2025, reversing a net loss of approximately $12 million in the prior-year period, underscoring a fundamental improvement in the business model.

Operational metrics further validate the company's institutional focus. Client assets on the platform reached $1.28 billion in Q1 2025, growing 11% year-over-year despite market volatility. The KYC user base expanded by 22%, with accumulated users exceeding 4,600, while active clients grew by 4% year-over-year.

Liquidity and capital resources are being strategically managed to support global expansion. While cash and cash equivalents stood at $19.6 million as of December 31, 2024, the company has actively repaid $35 million in bank borrowings for restructuring. A significant development is the authorization of a $100 million Crypto Ecosystem Reserve, designed for strategic engagement and a diversified portfolio of high-conviction assets like Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, and Binance Coin. This reserve is intended to power on-chain and crypto-native offerings and support future initiatives like AgentFi. The reserve was further bolstered by a $25.5 million private placement in June and July 2025, with participation from leading investors, demonstrating strong confidence in Amber International's growth trajectory. These funds are earmarked for accelerating institutional crypto expansion, asset tokenization, and AI-AgentFi developments.

Competitive Positioning: A Differentiated Approach in a Dynamic Market

Amber International operates with a highly differentiated business model within the digital asset space, primarily targeting institutional investors and high-net-worth individuals. This focus sets it apart from many platforms that are largely retail-driven, which often prioritize speculative trading and high-volatility opportunities. Amber Premium, in contrast, caters to clients seeking long-term asset allocation, structured investment products, and comprehensive wealth management solutions.

The company's leadership emphasizes its "very unique business model" and notes a lack of direct competitors offering a similar full-stack institutional digital asset service, particularly in Asia. While competitors may exist in individual business lines, Amber Premium's integrated approach, combining execution, wealth management, and payment solutions, provides a distinct advantage. Its NASDAQ listing further enhances its competitive standing by offering a more transparent, well-governed, and better-disclosed business model to partners in the crypto space. This commitment to regulatory compliance and robust infrastructure positions Amber Premium strongly against emerging competition.

Furthermore, the company acknowledges regional differences in client expectations, particularly between U.S. and Asian customers. Amber Premium is strategically positioned to address the specific service level and offering requirements of high-net-worth individuals and institutions in Asia, where demand for crypto adoption is rapidly growing. The integration of Sparrow Tech, a Singapore-licensed major payment institution, into Amber Premium Singapore reinforces its regulated presence and expansion strategy in critical Asian markets like Southeast Asia and the Middle East.

Outlook and Risks: Charting a Course for Growth

Amber International's management is optimistic about the future, projecting significant growth for its Amber DWM business. For Q2 2025, revenue is expected to be between $15.5 million and $17.5 million. Looking further ahead, the full-year 2025 revenue for Amber DWM's business is anticipated to hit a range of $65 million to $75 million. This outlook is predicated on current market conditions and the expectation of continued institutional adoption of digital assets. The wealth management segment is specifically highlighted as a key driver of financial performance throughout 2025, supported by ongoing product innovation and the activation of newly onboarded client accounts.

Despite this positive outlook, the dynamic nature of the crypto market presents inherent risks. Market volatility, as evidenced by fluctuations in execution trading volumes, remains a constant factor. Regulatory challenges and evolving frameworks, particularly concerning DeFi stablecoin yields, smart contract exploits, and potential regulatory ceilings, require careful navigation. However, management is proactively positioning the company to manage volatility, support future offerings, and maintain operational flexibility as demand scales. Internally, Amber International is implementing disciplined cost management to drive operating leverage and enhancing financial reporting systems to provide transparent insights into its performance.

Conclusion

Amber International Holding Limited (AMBR) is carving out a compelling investment narrative as a specialized institutional gateway to the burgeoning digital asset economy. Its strategic transformation, culminating in a NASDAQ listing, has laid a strong foundation for growth, marked by a significant financial turnaround in early 2025. The company's commitment to technological leadership, demonstrated through its AgentFi initiative and the innovative uMINT RWA tokenization product, provides a distinct competitive advantage in offering sophisticated and compliant solutions.

With a robust business model focused on high-margin wealth management solutions and supported by a substantial Crypto Ecosystem Reserve and recent capital injection, Amber Premium is well-positioned for continued expansion in key regulated markets. While the inherent volatility and evolving regulatory landscape of the crypto market present risks, AMBR's differentiated approach, strong infrastructure, and clear strategic vision for institutional adoption underscore its potential for long-term value creation. Investors looking for exposure to the institutionalization of digital assets, driven by technological innovation and a focused business model, should closely monitor Amber Premium's execution of its growth strategy.